Type of Poetry

+Epic:

Definition:  Epic is the poem that about heroic and hero’s adventure

Example:  The epic poem about Beowulf is extremely cool

Significant: Epic poem can past the history of the hero by each generation. It will make the kids get interesting when they read epic poem

+Narrative

Definition: a poem that tells a story

Example: Michael Drayton (1563-1631)

Fair stood the wind for France
When we our sails advance,
Nor now to prove our chance
Longer will tarry;
But putting to the main,
At Caux, the mouth of Seine,
With all his martial train
Landed King Harry.

And taking many a fort,
Furnish'd in warlike sort,
Marcheth tow'rds Agincourt
In happy hour;
Skirmishing day by day
With those that stopp'd his way,
Where the French gen'ral lay
With all his power.

Which, in his height of pride,
King Henry to deride,
His ransom to provide
Unto him sending;
Which he neglects the while
As from a nation vile,
Yet with an angry smile
Their fall portending……

+Ballads

Definition: a songlike poem that tells a story about love, betrayal or death

Example: The Mermaid
by
Unknown author
Oh the ocean waves may roll, 
And the stormy winds may blow, 
While we poor sailors go skipping aloft 
And the land lubbers lay down below, below, below 
And the land lubbers lay down below.

+Lyric

Definition: a poem that express author feeling

Example: Dying 
(aka I heard a fly buzz when I died )
by
Emily Dickinson
I heard a fly buzz when I died;
The stillness round my form
Was like the stillness in the air
Between the heaves of storm.

+Sonnet

Definition: a fourteen-line poem that written in iambic pentameter

Example: O thou my lovely boy
by
William Shakespeare
O thou, my lovely boy, who in thy power
Dost hold Time's fickle glass his fickle hour;
Who hast by waning grown, and therein show'st
Thy lovers withering, as thy sweet self grow'st.

+Odes

Definition: a poem that written to celebrate one person or a thing with elegant language

Example: Ode To A Nightingale
by
John Keats
My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains
My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk,
Or emptied some dull opiate to the drains
One minute past, and Lethe-wards had sunk:

 +Free Verse

Definition: a poem that doesn’t have rhymes or meter but relies on its own rhythm

Example: Song of Myself
by
Walt Whitman
I celebrate myself, and sing myself,
And what I assume you shall assume,
For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.
I loaf and invite my soul,
I lean and loaf at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.

Rhythm

Definition: Rhythm is the rise and fall of your voice during your reading of poem, and it was created by stressed and unstressed syllables

Example:  Well I gotta go now.

Okay, see you later.

Sure, pal. So long.

See you. Take care.

Bye bye.

Bye bye.

Significant: By using rhythm when you reading poem, it will make the poem sound more interesting and like you read with your feeling. And when you think that the poem is interesting, then you would read it over, over and over again.

Symbol

Definition: Symbol is what something has a meaning but it represent for something else

Example:  “A Red, Red Rose” by Robert Burns, 1869

O, my luve’s like a red, red rose

That's newly sprung in June

O, my luve’s like the melodie

That's sweetly play’d in tune

As fair art thou, my bonie lass

So deep in luve am I

And I will luve thee still, my Dear

Till a' the seas gang dry

Till a' the seas gang dry, my Dear

And the rocks melt wi’ the sun!

O I will luve thee still, my Dear

While the sands o' life shall run

And fare the weel, my only love!

And fare the well awhile!

And I will come again, my love.

Tho it were ten thousand mile!

Significant:  By using symbol in poem, then we will not symbolized something directly but also make the reader think and guess what did the poet symbol. It will make the poem more excited to each part

Alliteration

Definition: Alliteration means the repetition of the first syllable in the word and/or phrases

Example: Macho Pursuits

Sliding, slipping, gliding, tripping
If ice skating's too exhilarating
Try cake icing, it's quite exciting
Slapping, slopping, frosted topping.

Significant: I think that that alliteration is not necessary to appear in poem like assonance because it’s also make the poem sound more interesting and funnier. And also when you say word that have same vowel of syllables too fast, then your tongue might twist. 

Assonance

Definition: Assonance means vowel rhymes

Example: Bells by Edgar Allan Poe

  Hear the mellow wedding bells,

Golden bells!

What a world of happiness their harmony foretells!

Through the balmy air of night

How they ring out their delight!

From the molten-golden notes,

And an in tune,

What a liquid ditty floats

To the turtle-dove that listens, while she gloats

From the fourth stanza:

What a world of solemn thought their monody compels!

In the silence of the night,

How we shiver with affright

At the melancholy menace of their tone!

For every sound that floats

From the rust within their throats

Is a groan.
Significant: I think it’s not necessary to appear in the poem because it just makes the poem sound more interesting and funnier. For example, when the reader read something that sound the same, they would find the poem is a little humor to read.

Line

Definition: Line is what created by many words in poem

Example: What are you doing?

                 I’m playing game.

                 Did you finish your homework?

                 No, I didn’t finish it, yet.

Significant: There will not be a poem if there is no line, because words make poem and also word created line. With line, the poem look more organize and more clear, without line, the poem look chaotic.

Onomatopoeia

Definition: Onomatopoeia means that the word that imitates the source of the sound that it’s describe

Example: Crack an Egg
Crack an egg.
Stir the butter.
Break the yolk.
Make it flutter.
Stoke the heat.
Hear it sizzle.
Shake the salt,
just a drizzle.
Flip it over,
just like that.
Press it down.
Squeeze it flat.
Pop the toast.
Spread jam thin.
Say the word.
Breakfasts in.

by Denise Rodgers

Significant: Onomatopoeia is good for poems because it’s one of the ways that use to created imagery for the reader. Onomatopoeia is also the word that is difficult to spell. When the poet used onomatopoeia in the poem, then the reader would be very excited because they can see and hear what is the word sound like, without onomatopoeia the poem become boring.

Interpretation

Definition: the explanation of the someone work

Example: Interpretation can help people understand more about the work  

Significance: Interpretation is important because if the reader interpretation the poem, then the reader can understand more about what the poem about and what is the feeling of poet.

Meter

Definition: Meter is the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse

Example: Considering meter while read poem is a good thing

Significance: By using meter, it will make the poem sound more interesting and more rhythmic. 

Speaker

Definition: Speaker is the point of view of the poet, for example first person

Example:  On Flying (first person)

It's twilight, and we are out in the street
when someone kicks a can that goes far
across the stream and over on the other side
so we have to find another can and start over.
The girls start teasing the boys
and the boys chase the girls.
It's windy and leaves are blowing.
Some start running with the breeze.
Soon everyone is running;
It feels like I'm flying.
But mother calls and we go to bed.
Before long I'm in my own kitchen,
beating batter in a mixing bowl with one hand,
holding a child with the other.
Many of the women I've known
are in their kitchens with four walls and a stove.
Everyone marches in the cookie parade, but inside
you're still running with the wind
and no one can call you home.

Significance: By write poem under first person point of view, we can understand what and how the feeling of the poet and understand the poem easier.

Tone

Definition: Tone is pitch of your voice that goes up and down during you read the poem  

Example:  "Happy Birthday" means much more
Than have a happy day.
Within these words lie lots of things
I never get to say.

It means I love you first of all,
Then thanks for all you do.
It means you mean a lot to me,
And that I'm proud of you.

But most of all, I guess it means
That I am thinking of
Your happiness on this, your day,
With pleasure and with love.

Significance: As the example of poem above, when you read by using tone, you can express your feeling through poem. Tone can make other interest to read poem more.

Elegy

Definition: Elegy is a funeral song or poem for the dead

Example: Elegy by Dylan Thomas

Too proud to die; broken and blind he died

The darkest way, and did not turn away,
A cold kind man brave in his narrow pride

On that darkest day, Oh, forever may
He lie lightly, at last, on the last, crossed
Hill, under the grass, in love, and there grow

Young among the long flocks, and never lie lost
Or still all the numberless days of his death, though
Above all he longed for his mother's breast

Which was rest and dust, and in the kind ground
The darkest justice of death, blind and unblessed.
Let him find no rest but be fathered and found,

I prayed in the crouching room, by his blind bed,
In the muted house, one minute before
Noon, and night, and light. the rivers of the dead

Veined his poor hand I held, and I saw
Through his unseeing eyes to the roots of the sea.
(An old tormented man three-quarters blind,

I am not too proud to cry that He and he
Will never never go out of my mind.
All his bones crying, and poor in all but pain,

Being innocent, he dreaded that he died
Hating his God, but what he was was plain:
An old kind man brave in his burning pride.

The sticks of the house were his; his books he owned.
Even as a baby he had never cried;
Nor did he now, save to his secret wound.

Out of his eyes I saw the last light glide.
Here among the liught of the lording sky
An old man is with me where I go

Walking in the meadows of his son's eye
On whom a world of ills came down like snow.
He cried as he died, fearing at last the spheres'

Last sound, the world going out without a breath:
Too proud to cry, too frail to check the tears,
And caught between two nights, blindness and death.

O deepest wound of all that he should die
On that darkest day. oh, he could hide
The tears out of his eyes, too proud to cry

Significance: Elegy is used to express the poet emotions for who has died. Elegy is made by many ways by commemoration, funeral song.

Couplet

Definition: a poem that has two-lines that rhymes.

Example: On the sky, everything is so bright,

                 But stars are a special sight.

Significance: Couplet is a type of poem, and it’s used to complete the poem or complete the thought.

Stanza

Definition: Stanza means that arrangement of a number certain of lines, sometimes having a fixed length, meter, or rhythm scheme, forming a division of a poem

Example:  All Women Are Witches (4 stanza poem, on internet because I don’t know how to make one)

From the depths of despair; the nurturing.
In times of crisis and need; the calm help.
All is cut to ribbons; see suturing.
A potion; a gift from the rich sea kelp.

Mother to daughter, the lesson is learned;
Strength is yours for the taking and making.
Your gifts, many fools consider unearned
But your power will leave them all quaking.

Only a woman’s blood marks such a change.
Fecund; child-woman must awaken.
Loss of carelessness; the adult exchange.
Banished forever; child’s play forsaken.

From such knowledge comes the witch’s power.
No longer will this witch, hide or cower.

.

Significance: We use Stanza to make break between poem, if the poem get too long, the reader will get boring and tired. By having a break between poem, reader will get attract and excited during their reading.

Imagery

Definition: Imagery means that imagery poem help us to appeal our senses

Example The ground pokes through
              The snow, defiantly
              Dark spots of brown
             And some frozen green
             Just small reminders
             That winter won’t last
             Spring’s barely distant
             But for this crusty cover
            A white mantle so still
            It’s only here briefly
            Arriving just in time
            To stay a bit and leave
           - Mary O. Fumento, 2010 

.

Significance: We use Imagery to make the poem easier to understand. Extended Metaphor will make the reader imagine and make them think what happen in the story. It helps the reader work their brain

Extended Metaphor

Definition: Extended Metaphor means the metaphor that have been used in several lines

Example: I’m a bomb

                Myself is the source of anger and hatred

                I may explode at any time

                I’m not safe, stay away from me

.

Significance: We use Extended Metaphor to make the poem more interesting, excited and easy to understand. Extended Metaphor will make the reader get excited and make them think what will happen next.

Rhyme

Definition:  A repetition of similar sounds in two or more and often appears in poem and songs.

Example: Once upon a time, there is a duck named Buck,

                One day, Buck go sell ice-cream with a truck

                Then, a truck stuck in a mug.

Significance: We use Rhyme to make the poem more funny, interesting, excited and easy to understand. Rhyme poem will make children love them when they read them.

Personification

Definition:  Compare something that’s nonhuman to human

Example: The sea roared, before it destroyed the whole Japan     

Significance: Personification helps the poem to be more interesting and easily to visualized what the poem said

Metaphor

Definition:  Metaphor is a figure of speech and it is use to directly compares one thing to another by not using connecting words.

Example: Daniel is the best player in the soccer team. He’s the hope of our team

Significance: Compare thing directly help us to understand better about the poem. Metaphor help the reader understand more if something in the poem is directly. Indirectly compare not help much for the understanding of the reader.

Simile

Definition:  Indirectly compare one thing to another by using connecting words: like, as, than …

Example: During lunch, Tommy ate like a pig.

Significance: When you use Simile, you express your idea more. Simile can help the poem have a little bit humor and interesting. This help the reader can easier understand what the poem or the sentence about.

Poetry

Definition: Poetry is a form of literature art poetry is also used to express the feeling of the writer. Poetry usually has rhythm, rhymes, imagery and may have figures of speech.

Example: Sport is famous on the world

               It not hard, any people can do it

               It helps you to relax and have fun

               Sports have a lot of different kind

Significance: I use poetry because poetry is a form of literature that should be read, analyze and to understand the feeling that the writer wanted to express. Poetry also help you to express your feeling that you can’t express in your daily life.